SPID or CIE: which one to choose and when it really makes sense

SPID and CIE are the two main digital identity tools used in Italy to access online services of the Public Administration and many private entities. They are often considered equivalent, but in reality, they have important differences that can influence the choice. In this article, we will see what SPID is, what CIE is, how they work, and when it is convenient to use one or the other.

What is SPID

SPID is the Public Digital Identity System. It allows citizens and businesses to access online services of the Public Administration and numerous participating private entities with a single pair of credentials. SPID is issued by accredited identity providers and offers different security levels. It is accessible from computers, smartphones, and tablets and does not require dedicated physical devices. For many people, it is the starting point for managing online procedures, payments, certificates, and requests toward the PA.

What is CIE

CIE is the Electronic Identity Card. Besides being a physical identity document, it can be used as a digital identity tool to access online services. To use the CIE online, it is necessary:

• the physical card;
• the PIN issued at the time of issuance;
• a smartphone with NFC technology or a compatible reader.

SPID and CIE: what are the main differences

The main difference between SPID and CIE concerns the access mode and user experience.

• SPID is based on digital credentials and can be used anywhere without physical devices.
• CIE requires the card and, in most cases, a smartphone with NFC.

SPID is generally simpler and more immediate, while CIE can be more “cumbersome” in some contexts, but it is also very solid because it is linked to a physical document.

When it is convenient to use SPID

SPID is the ideal solution when you frequently access online services and want maximum convenience. It is particularly suitable for:

• frequent accesses to Public Administration portals;
• use from multiple devices (PC and smartphone);
• quick management of procedures and online services;
• access to services of partnered private entities.

When it is convenient to use CIE

CIE is particularly useful for those who:

• prefer a system linked to a physical document;
• want to use their smartphone as a “key” via NFC;
• make occasional accesses and do not want to manage SPID credentials.

In many cases, CIE and SPID coexist: having both solutions increases flexibility and reduces problems if one method is not available at a given moment.

SPID and CIE: alone they are not enough (other digital tools in Italy)

SPID and CIE solve the identification and access to services part, but in the Italian landscape, other tools are often needed to complete procedures and official communications.

For example, if you need to sign documents with full legal value, you might need a digital signature: here is the complete guide on digital signature: what it is, how it works, and when it is mandatory in Italy.

If instead you need to send communications with legal value (like a digital registered letter), it is essential to understand when to use PEC: here you will find the guide on
PEC: what it really is for and when it is mandatory.

Finally, when working with tax and administrative documents (invoices, registers, signed documents), digital preservation in compliance comes into play: learn more here digital preservation in compliance: what it is, how it works, and when it is mandatory in Italy.

So: which one should you really choose?

If you want the most convenient and immediate solution for frequent access to online services, in most cases it’s best to start with SPID. If you prefer access linked to a physical document and have an NFC-enabled smartphone, the CIE can be an excellent choice, especially for occasional use. The most practical strategy, when possible, is to have both: SPID for speed and CIE as a solid and always available alternative.

Frequently asked questions about SPID and CIE

Is SPID the same as CIE?

No. SPID is a digital identity based on credentials, while the CIE is a physical document that can also be used for online access.

Which is better, SPID or CIE?

It depends on the use. SPID is more convenient for frequent access, while CIE is useful if you prefer a system linked to a physical document.

Do you need to have both SPID and CIE?

No, having both is not mandatory. However, having both ensures greater flexibility in accessing services.

Are SPID or CIE mandatory for citizens?

They are not mandatory, but they are increasingly necessary to access digital Public Administration services.

Do SPID and CIE replace PEC and digital signature?

No. SPID and CIE serve for identification, while PEC and digital signature have different and complementary functions.